Imbolc (February Eve / Candlemas)

Imbolc preserves the name of an early Irish festival of 1 February, associated in medieval texts with the ewes coming into milk and later with St Brigid. Gardner's coven called it February Eve and also used the Christian name Candlemas, the feast of the Purification on 2 February when candles were blessed. Wiccan rites emphasise light and purification: candles are lit throughout the circle, and the high priestess may take the part of Brigid. Irish folk custom supplied further elements, including the weaving of Brigid's crosses from rushes and the making of a "Brideog" doll and bed to welcome the saint into the house on her eve. Weather divination for the coming spring was another traditional feature.

Purpose

Imbolc greets the first stirrings of spring and, in many Wiccan rites, honours the Goddess as Brigid, the young maiden returning from winter.

Timing

Season / time

The sabbat of Imbolc

Traditionally 1–2 February (St Brigid's Day and Candlemas); some reckon the astronomical cross-quarter. Wiccan festivals are commonly reckoned from sunset on the eve.

Materials

• candles
• salt and water
• incense
• cakes and wine (or ale)
• rushes (for Brigid's crosses)

Tools

• athame (black-handled knife)
• white-handled knife
• wand
• pentacle
• censer
• cauldron

Fire safety with candles, censer and any bonfire or cauldron fire.