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Cover of The Incoherence of the Philosophers

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Islam and Sufism

The Incoherence of the Philosophers

by al-Ghazali · Michael E. Marmura (trans.)

A parallel Arabic-English edition of al-Ghazali's critique of the philosophers, completed around 1095, in which he argues that their metaphysical claims are unproven and that three of their doctrines amount to unbelief. Marmura's translation is the standard scholarly version.

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