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The Besht
Magician, Mystic, and Leader
Immanuel Etkes reassesses the historical Israel Baal Shem Tov, showing him as a practising ba'al shem, or healer and amulet-writer, as well as a mystic and charismatic leader. Using letters, testimonies and hagiography, he reconstructs the Besht's activities and circle. This Brandeis study is valuable for readers interested in the intersection of practical Kabbalah, magic and early Hasidism.















